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LATN 271-001: Introduction to Reading LatinFall Semester 2020
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Verb-form | Person or Substantive-attributes1 | Number (if any) | Tense | Voice | Mood or Part of Speech2 | Sense in Context | Construction3 |
imitētur | 3 | sing. | pres. | act. (deponent)4 | subj. | imitate | main verb: jussive/hortatory subj. |
dīcendī | neut. gen. | sing. | pres. | act. | gerund | (of) speaking | gen. of possession with vīs |
concēditur | 3 | sing. | pres. | pass. | indic. | is granted | verb of relative clause: fact |
fuisse | neut. nom. | sing. | pf. | act. | infin. | to have existed | complemenatry infin. with dīcitur (relative clause) |
dīcitur | 3 | sing. | pres. | pass. | indic. | is said | verb of relative clause: fact |
superāret | 3 | sing. | imp. | act. | subj. | overcame | verb of result clause |
1Finite verbs have person, among other attributes, non-finite verbs don't: so if the form is a finite one, give the person, but if it's a non-finite form like a participle or an infinitive, use this box to state what gender and case it has (gender and case are attributes of a substantive; number, which is an attribute of both substantives and verbs, here gets a box of its own).
2Finite verbs have mood, among other attributes, non-finite verbs don't: so if the form is a finite one, give the mood, but if it's a non-finite form like a participle or an infinitive, use this box to state what part of speech it is.
3"Construction" asks you to indicate briefly the verb's grammatical function in the sentence, why it takes the form it takes, in order to tell you what the sentence is using it to tell you: what type of clause, participial phrase, etc., is the verb-form helping to create?
4Deponent verbs use the endings non-deponent verbs use to indicate passive meanings, but nearly all Latin deponent verbs' meanings correspond to active verbs in English. It's better to think of them as legacies of a "middle voice" in Latin's linguistic ancestry, in which the subject of the verb both performs the action and is acted on by it (the hortatory/jussive subjunctive encourages the orator both to imitate Demonsthenes as an external object and to shape himself according to the model Demosthenes constitutes). In Latin the "middleness" of deponent verbs is distilled into their meaning, but their form reflects their history.
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Revised 18 August 2020 by
jlong1@luc.edu
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