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LATN 271-001: Introduction to Reading LatinFall Semester 2020
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Noun or Pronoun (if expressed) | Adjective (if any; including participles) | Sense in Context | Gender | Case | Number | Role in Sentence2 |
ōrātor | --- | orator | masc. | nom. | s. | subjectof imitētur (main clause) |
--- | illum | that [man] | masc. | acc. | sing. | direct object of imitētur (main clause) |
--- | cui | (to) whom [= that man] | masc. | dat. | sing. | indirect object of concēditur (relative clause) |
vīs | summa | highest power | fem. | nom. | sing. | subject of concēditur (relative clause) |
dīcendī | --- | (of) speaking | neut. | gen. | sing. | gerund; possessive gen. with vīs |
Dēmosthenem | --- | Demosthenes [man's name] | masc. | acc. | sing. | accusative in apposition with d.o. illum (main clause) |
--- | quō | (in) whom [= Demosthenes] | masc. | abl. | sing. | abl. of place where (second relative clause) |
studium | tantum | such great zeal | neut. | nom. | s. | subject of dīcitur (relative clause) |
impedīmenta | --- | hindrances | neut. | acc. | pl. | direct object of superāret (result clause) |
nāturae | --- | nature | fem. | gen. | sing. | possessive gen. with impedīmenta |
dīligentiā | --- | diligence | fem. | abl. | sing. | abl. of means with superāret (result clause) |
industriā | --- | industry | fem. | abl. | sing. | abl. of means with superāret (result clause) |
1"Substantive": anything a noun can name - a person, an animal, a thing, a concept, etc., when it is being talked about by the sentence - so that, for example, in the sentence legens scit, "The reader knows," the participle (verbal adjective) legens is a substantive, because it refers to a person (unexpressed but implied noun) who at the time of the sentence happens to be performing the action (so, literally, "[the person-who-is] reading"), but in the sentence liber lectus est, "The book has been read," the participle lectus is not a substantive, because it's part of the compound perfect-passive verb.
2"Role in sentence": brief statement of the substantive's grammatical function in the sentence, the reason why it takes the form that it takes, in order to tell you what the sentence is using it to tell you.
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Revised 18 August 2020 by
jlong1@luc.edu
http://www.luc.edu/depts/classics/